State Route 49 (SR 49) is a state highway that runs southwest-to-northeast through portions of Terrell, Sumter, Macon, Peach, Houston, Terrell, Jones, and Baldwin counties in central Georgia. The route runs from its southwestern terminus at SR 45 north of Dawson to its northeastern terminus at SR 22, SR 24, and SR 112 in Milledgeville.

From its southern terminus at SR 45 north of Dawson, SR 49 travels northeast to meet US 280/SR 27. SR 49 becomes concurrent with these two routes, and they travel east to Americus, briefly becoming concurrent with US 19/SR 3, then SR 30. In the eastern part of the city, SR 49 departs US 280/SR 27/SR 30 and continues northeast, through Andersonville, Oglethorpe, Montezuma, and Fort Valley. In Byron, SR 49 has an interchange with I-75 before continuing a short distance northeast to US 41/SR 11. The three routes become concurrent and travel north, and are later joined by US 129/SR 247. Upon entering Macon, US 41/SR 247 depart, and US 41 BUS/US 129/SR 11/SR 49 continue north into Macon, where they are joined by US 80/SR 22. After crossing the Ocmulgee River and having an interchange with I-16, SR 49 departs the other routes and continues northeast to Milledgeville, where it, along with State Route 112, meet their northern terminus at State Routes 22 and 24 in downtown.

SR 49 varies widely from a sparsely traveled route with an Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) of less than 2,000 vehicles near its southern terminus with SR 45 to over 20,000 vehicles or more around Macon.

SR 49 between its intersection with SR 49 CONN northeast of Fort Valley and Interstate 75 in Byron is part of the Fall Line Freeway, an expressway connecting Columbus and Augusta. This highway is planned to be a four-lane divided highway. There is also plans to eventually upgrade this highway into the proposed I-14.

State Route 49 Connector (SR 49 CONN) is actually a bypass to the north and west of Fort Valley, connecting SR 96 west of the city with the SR 49 mainline northeast of the city. This route is also part of the Fall Line Freeway.